Preventing and Treating Fungal Nail Infections: What Actually Works
Fungal nail infection, formally known as onychomycosis, is a common condition. It begins as a white or yellow spot under the tip of your nail, and leads to discoloration, thickening, and brittling. If not treated, fungal nail infections can cause pain, tenderness, and inflammation in the surrounding areas.
Here’s how you can treat and prevent nail fungus:
How to Treat Fungal Nail Infection
Fungal nail infections can be treated through various means depending on the severity of the infection:
Topical Antifungals
Topical antifungals are the most convenient way to manage nail fungus. Regularly apply a topical antifungal cream, lotion, or liquid to the affected nail for several months. Always check the ingredients to find the best over the counter antifungal nail treatment. Most of them contain a concentration of medicinal ingredients, such as Undecylenic Acid, and non-medicinal ingredients, including Isopropyl Alcohol, Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf Oil, Tocopherol, and Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice.
Oral Antifungals
If the infection worsens, consult your family doctor or a podiatrist. They will most likely prescribe an oral antifungal to kill the infection in your whole body. Oral antifungals are fast and effective, but you might have to take them for several weeks to months.
Surgery
When a fungal nail infection becomes extremely painful and recurring, your podiatrist might recommend surgery. The procedure is largely painless, as a local anesthetic is injected to numb the toe. The affected nail is either partially or completely removed to promote the growth of a healthy toenail.
Laser Therapy
As minimally invasive medical treatments gain traction, many doctors recommend laser therapy. During the procedure, a laser device is used to target and destroy the fungal infection in the nail bed. You might need multiple sessions to prevent the fungal infection from reappearing.
How to Prevent Nail Fungus
Fungal nail infections are mainly caused by fungi called dermatophytes that enter the nail through cracks. Here are some ways you can prevent the invasion of dermatophytes and keep your nails infection-free:
Maintain good hygiene. Wash your hands and feet regularly, then dry them thoroughly. This will prevent moisture from building up between the fingers. You can also use talcum powder to absorb excess moisture.
Trim your nails. Short and trimmed nails are less likely to be susceptible to nail infections.
Wear breathable footwear. Shoes made from breathable materials, such as mesh and leather, allow ventilation. This will keep your feet dry.
Wear moisture-wicking socks. This is especially important if your feet tend to sweat excessively.
Avoid going barefoot in public places. Dermatophytes invade your nail beds and cuticles when you are barefoot in public swimming pools and gym showers. Always wear sandals and other protective footwear.
Use antifungal sprays. If you have athlete’s foot, use an antifungal spray or powder on your nails as well as your shoes.
Avoid sharing personal items. Socks, towels, and nail chippers can carry fungal infections.
Choose your nail salon wisely. If you get manicures or pedicures, ensure your nail salon follows proper hygiene standards, such as using disinfected nail clippers and providing separate towels for each client.
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